I agree with this article a lot. It really revealed some problems which exist in education for a long time but can not be solved immediately. These problems can be interpreted into one problem which is how education can work well. In current time, education seems to be related with grades and credentials. Whenever people talk about education, they tend to focus on how well people write tests or how many certificates people have already get. Education has become a way for people to compare with others and a property to show their superiority. People have forgot what the original education looked like. Education should have increased the quality of people and made people highly educated. But the current education only teaches people plenty of knowledge instead of how to behave well. I really believe that people should learn how to behave before they learn knowledge.

Back to the topic, according to the article, in order to make instructions effective, efficient and engaging, it listed several points which are really crucial for the education, such as activation, demonstraion, application, integration and problem-centered.

Activation: Learning is promoted when learners activate a mental model of their prior knowledge as a foundation for new skills. Learners need to look for interests and goals in what they are learning. After that they can be activated and motivated to learn.

Demonstration: Learning is promoted when learners observe a demonstration of the skills to be learned. Sometimes word are bad demontration for learners because different people will have different interpretation when they are imagine. So it is necessary to give examples or presentations.

Application: Learning is promoted when learners engage in application of their newly acquired knowledge or skill that is consistent with the type of content being taught. What people have learned are all theories and concepts in most of time but they are too abstract to understand. The best way to handle it is to applicate in the reality.

Integration: Learning is promoted when learners share, reflect on, and defend their work by peer-collaboration and peer-critique. It is a complicated process to integrate or cooperate with others and what you have learned so far, but it is close to the success.

Problem-centered: Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in a problem-centered strategy involving a progression of whole real-world tasks.

According to the article, “Motivation comes from learning; the greatest motivation comes when people learn. We are wired to learn; all of us love to learn; every student loves to learn. And, generally, we are motivated by those things that we find we are good at.” It makes sense but I have different opinions. I used to draw pictures a lot whe I was young. I like to draw many people who were fighting with each other and took an adventure. Then my parents sent me to the painting classes and I had also taken part in some competitions but I found myself away from drawing. I was losing my interests and motivations of drawing because I drew when I do not want to. Now I do not draw any more and I do not have motivation to draw. I always imagine if there would be a difference when my parents did not send me to the painting class. If hobbies and interests become compulsion, they are not interests and they will not be motivation any more.